1. Today's Gospel pictures to us a remarkable example of faith,
for St. John carefully notes at three different times that the nobleman
believed, and we may indeed be greatly moved by the fact, and ask, what
kind of faith must he have had, that the Evangelist mentioned it so often.
We have already learned so much about faith and the Gospel that I think
we should rightly understand it. But since it ever occurs again and again,
we are obliged to discuss it frequently.
2. In the first place, I have often said that faith through the Gospel
fully brings the Lord Jesus with all his riches home to every man; and
that one Christian has just as much as another, and the child baptized
today has not less than St. Peter and all the saints in heaven. We are
all equal and alike in reference to faith, and one person has his treasure
just as full and complete as another.
3. Our Gospel lesson speaks further of the increase of faith, and here
there is a difference. Although faith fully possesses Christ and all his
riches, yet it must nevertheless be continually kept in motion and exercised,
so that it may have assurance, and firmly retain its treasures. There is
a difference between having a thing and firmly keeping hold of it, between
a strong and a weak faith. Such a great treasure should be firmly seized
and well guarded, so that it may not be easily lost or taken from us. I
may have it indeed in its entirety, although I hold it only in a paper
sack, but it is not so well preserved as if I had it locked in an iron
chest.
4. Therefore we must so live on the earth, not that we think of something
different that is better to acquire than what we already possess; but that
we strive to lay hold of the treasure more and more firmly and securely
from day to day. We have no reason to seek anything more than faith; but
here we must see to it how faith may grow and become stronger. Thus we,
read in the Gospel, that, although the disciples of Christ without doubt
believed (for otherwise they had not followed him), yet he often rebuked
them on account of their weak faith. They had indeed faith, but when it
was put to the test, they let it sink and did not support it. So it is
with all Christians; where faith is not continually kept in motion and
exercised, it weakens and decreases, so that it must indeed vanish; and
yet we do not see nor feel this weakness ourselves, except in times of
need and temptation, when unbelief rages too strongly; and yet for that
very reason faith must have temptations in which it may battle and grow.
5. Therefore it is not as the idle babblers among the theologians of
the schools taught, who make out that we are lazy and careless, by saying:
If one have the smallest drop or spark of love and faith, he will be saved.
The Scriptures teach that one must increase and progress. True it is that
you possess Christ through faith, although you only hold the treasure in
a poor cloth; yet you must see to it that you firmly lay hold of him and
let no power rob you of him.
6. Consequently this nobleman or officer, whoever he was (I hold he
was a courtier of King Herod), was so far in faith that he believed if
he could bring Jesus into his home, he would then surely heal his son;
for he had heard God's Word or the Gospel of Christ, that he cheerfully
helped every person that was brought to him and refused no one his favor.
His faith laid hold of this and that was the reason he went to Christ.
For if his heart had been kept in suspense, so that he had thought: Who
knows whether he can help you or will help you? he would not have gone
to him. Therefore it is certain that he had beforehand so conceived of
Christ and believed that he would help him.
7. The nature and manner of faith are to picture and mirror the goodness
of Christ thus in the heart of man. Therefore the Epistle to the Hebrews
says, in 11, 1: "Faith is the substance of things hoped for," that is,
of something good, the grace and goodness of God. Now the faith of this
man stood so, that if he had continued in it he would without a doubt have
been saved, and the Lord would have had pleasure in it. However, he dealt
severely with him, found an imperfection in his faith, chastised him and
said:
"Except ye see signs and wonders, ye will in no wise believe."
8. How does this agree with what I said before? If faith and a good
confidence in him brought the nobleman to Christ, how can he then say:
Ye will in no wise believe, unless ye see signs? But, as I said, he wishes
to show him that his faith is not yet strong enough; for he still clings
only to the seeing and the experience of the bodily present Christ. Likewise
did Christ chastise the disciples in the boat, when the storm came and
he said to them: "Why are ye fearful, 0 ye of little faith?" Mat. 8, 26.
As if he were to say: Where is your faith now? Therefore, however good
and genuine faith may be, it falls back when it comes to a battle, unless
it has been well disciplined and has grown strong.
9. Therefore you should not imagine it is enough if you have commenced
to believe; but you must diligently watch that your faith continue firm,
or it will vanish; you are to see how you may retain this treasure you
have embraced; for satan concentrates all his skill and strength on how
to tear it out of your heart. Therefore the growth of your faith is truly
as necessary as its beginning, and indeed more so; but all is the work
of God. The young milk-faith is sweet and weak; but when long marches are
required and faith is attacked, then God must strengthen it, or it will
not hold the field of battle.
10. Therefore this man would not have been helped by the faith he had
at first; he would have been forced to retreat had not Christ come and
strengthened him. But how did he strengthen him? The nobleman believed,
if he came to him in his house, he could surely heal his son. Then Christ
gave him a rebuke, a bitter and hard answer: "Except ye see signs and wonders,
ye will in no wise believe." With these words he gives faith a scornful
rebuff that it can not stand. The poor man was terrified and his faith
at once began to sink and to vanish, therefore he says:
"Sir, come down ere my child die."
11. As if he would say: Yes, you must hasten and come and yourself be
present, or my son will die. Here Christ now bestows upon him a stronger
faith, as God does upon all whom he strengthens in faith, and raises him
thus to a higher degree or plain that he may become strong and believe
in a different way than he did before; and he speaks thus to the father:
"Go thy way; thy son liveth."
12. Had he thus said to him before that his son would live he would
have been unable to believe; but now he believes when faith springs forth
in his heart and begets in him another faith, so that he becomes a different
man. Therefore the Lord adds to his great rebuke great strength. For, he
must now cling to that which he does not see; for he did not before believe
that Christ had such power and influence that he could heal his son when
he did not see him and was not present with him. It is truly strong faith,
that a heart can believe what it does not see and understand, contrary
to all the senses and reason, and can cling only to God's Word. Here there
is nothing manifest except that he believed, otherwise he would have received
no help. In faith one must look to nothing but the Word of God. Whoever
permits anything else to be pictured in his eyes is already lost. Faith
clings to the naked and pure Word, neither to its works nor to its merits.
If your heart does not thus stand naked, your cause is lost.
13. Let us now take an example of this: When a priest, nun or monk boasts
that he has maintained his chastity, said many masses, fasted often, prayed
much and the like, and then does not keep in mind God's Word, but his own
good works, and, builds upon them, so that he thinks God must consequently
hear him, then he is lost; for as long as this picture is in the mind,
faith cannot be there. Therefore when one is about to die and death is
present, and he looks around for a way of escape and for the first step
he should take, then satan is at hand and pictures to him how dreadful
and horrible death is; and besides he sees hell and God's judgment before
his eyes. Then satan is victorious, for there is no help as long as this
is before his eyes. If he were wise and pictured nothing else in his heart
and continued to cling to the Word of God alone, he would live, for that
is a living Word. Therefore, whoever clings to the Word must stand where
the living and eternal Word stands.
14. However, this is exceedingly difficult to do; for here you see how
hard it was for this nobleman; also, for the Apostles in the Gospel, Mat.
8, 25-26, when they were on the water in a boat and the boat was about
to sink and the waves beat into the boat, so that death was before their
eyes; then they lost their hold on the Word. Had they firmly believed and
said: Here we have the Word of God, here is Christ; where he is, there
we are also; there would have been no danger. But since they did not have
such faith, they would have had to sink and perish had not Christ come
to their help. Just so it was with Peter, when he walked on the sea and
came to Christ - so long as he held to the Word, the water had to bear
him up; but when he turned his eyes from Christ and he let go the Word
he saw the wind blowing and he began to sink.
15. Therefore I said, we must let go of every thing and cling only to
the Word; if we have laid hold of that, then let rage and roar the world,
death, sin, hell and all misfortune. But if you let go the Word, then you
must perish. This we see also in people who seek temporal nourishment:
when they have sufficient, and their house and barn are full, they easily
trust in God and say, they have a gracious God; but when they have nothing
they begin to doubt, then their faith vanishes; for they picture before
their eyes, that there is nothing at hand and not any provision in store,
and they know not how they shall exist; thus care and worry drive faith
out of the heart. But if they would lay hold of God's Word, they would
think thus: My God lives, he assures me he will sustain my life; I will
go forth and labor, he will make everything right, as Christ says, Mat.
6, 33: "But seek ye first the kingdom of God and his righteousness; and
all these things shall be added unto you." If I retained this Word and
would cast the other out of my mind, I would not come into need. But as
long as you picture before your eyes your poverty, you cannot believe.
This nobleman doubtless had also a picture in his eyes, that he might have
thought: He will not grant my request, he will give me a hard answer, will
not accompany me home and will cruelly turn me away. Had he fixed his eyes
upon such treatment he would have been lost; but since he turned his eyes
from such thoughts, Christ later gives him blessed consolation and says:
"Go thy way; thy son liveth."
16. This is the nature and way of faith:--thus God deals with us, when
he wishes to strengthen us. This is also what St. Paul means in 2 Cor.
3, 18, when he says: "But we all, with unveiled face beholding as in a
mirror the glory of the Lord, are transformed into the same image from
glory to glory, even as from the Lord the Spirit." The glory of the Lord
with Paul is the knowledge of God. Moses also possessed a glory, the knowledge
and understanding of the law. When I have a knowledge of the law, I look
into his clear countenance and into his pure light. But now we have passed
through that and have a higher knowledge of Christ our Lord. Whoever knows
him as the man who helps in time of need and gives power to fulfil the
law, through whom we have acquired the forgiveness of sins: in that way
he mirrors his glory in us. That is, as the rays of the sun are reflected
in the water or in a mirror, so Christ reflects himself and gives forth
a lustre from himself in our hearts, in a way that we are transformed from
one degree of glory to another, so that we daily increase and more clearly
know and understand the Lord. Then we shall be changed and transformed
into the same image, in a way that we all will be one bread with Christ.
This is not accomplished in that we ourselves do it by virtue of our own
power; but God, who is the Spirit, must do it. For even if the Holy Spirit
began such glory or illumination in us and would later forsake us, then
we would be as we were before.
17. Now we ought to be so armed that we do not remain standing still
at the first degree, but continually increase; therefore the cross, temptation
and opposition must come, by means of which faith will grow and become
strong, and as the glory of faith increases, the mortification of the body
also increases; the stronger faith is, the weaker will the flesh be, and
the smaller the faith, the stronger the flesh, and the less will the flesh
be denied. We are apt to think, if I shall continually help my neighbor,
what will become of me? To what will I come at last? But if we had mirrored
in us true faith and Christ, we would not doubt that we should have enough,
but remember that God will surely come to our assistance when the crisis
comes. But if we are lost in such a little tempest, what will we do in
the great conflicts of the soul? See, in this way faith is exercised and
increased; if we go forth, and are today as yesterday, tomorrow as today,
that is not a Christian life. Now the second thing for which John praises
this man is, that he increased in faith.
18. In the third place, he says: While he was going home, his servants
met him and said to him that his son lived, and he experienced that his
son began to amend in the very hour that the Lord had said to him, "Thy
son liveth;" and he believed and his whole house. Here the Evangelist says
again that he believed. But, if he had not believed heretofore why did
he come to Christ? This is a more perfect faith, that was confirmed by
the miracle. In this manner our Lord God deals with us to make us more
perfect and raise us ever to a higher plane of faith. If we pass through
this condition, we thus come into the experience and become assured of
our faith, as we see here that the nobleman overcomes all difficulties
like an iconoclast who tears down pictures and images, receives applause
and becomes certain of his cause, in that he has experienced it, and finds
that he is helped by faith, and all agree; the time, the miracle and the
word with the faith.
19. What then did he now believe? Not that his son had been healed,
for this kind of faith is now at an end, the healing has been done, and
it is now a thing of the past. He sees before his eyes that his son lives.
But out of his experience comes forth another faith, that Christ would
in the future continue to help him out of other troubles and whatever dark
pictures might rise before him; that is what he believed. If the Lord had
said to him: Go and die; he would have replied: Although I do not know
whither I shall go or where the inn is, yet since I tried before what faith
is, I will again cling to the Word. You helped me once when I could not
see nor understand; you will now again help me. Moreover, if Christ had
said to him: Leave home and land and your possessions, and come, follow
me; he would not have thought: Yes, but how shall I support myself? No
doubt the picture would have appeared before his eyes: There is everything
in abundance, here is nothing; shall I let go of that, what will I come
to? But now he thinks: Although nothing is here, and I see nothing, I will
nevertheless cling to the Word, he will surely help me. I tried it before.
This is impossible for reason, but faith can do all things.
20. Therefore faith exercises itself in various temptations and every
day new temptations arise; for the former experiences do not always return,
as one sees here. This nobleman has already made use of the work of faith,
that is now past, it will never return again; but he must now try another.
Therefore the oftener a person experiences the same temptation, the better
it is for him; the more he triumphs over the storm, the firmer he lays
hold of Christ, and becomes skilled so to be ready to bear all that is
laid upon him.
21. In like manner it went with the Holy Patriarchs, and thus it always
goes with us; so that I believe what has taken place in former times, is
of no help to me, but my faith must always turn its attention to things
of the future. Therefore, when God called Abraham to depart out of his
own country, he did it, and believed it, Gen. 12, If. Now when he came
into that country, God called him to go into another and later into another.
Thus he continually increased in faith, and later he became so assured,
and had traced and experienced how God dealt with him, and became such
a perfect character that he was willing to offer his own son as a sacrifice
to God. From this it follows: Whoever is greatly tried and disciplined
in this way, faces death much more willingly.
22. Thus you see how an example of growing faith is here portrayed;
it is now clear enough, therefore take it well to heart. Every person has
indeed his own experiences in life by which he may exercise his faith,
to trust God to help him. Thus he will be able to prove how God helps him,
and he can thus make progress and grow in faith. As soon as one experience
ends another always begins, so that we may see and grasp the truth that
our Lord God is true. If we have the confidence that he will nourish and
sustain our bodies, we can also believe that he will save our souls. I
have now spoken enough about faith.
23. The other part of this Gospel, on love, every one can easily understand
for himself. It is clearly enough set forth and it is not necessary to
speak much about how Christ served and helped this nobleman. He had no
advantage or gain from it himself, but he did it purely gratuitously out
of love. Also you see how the nobleman became a servant of his son. Whatever
there is more in this Gospel belongs to its spiritual significance, and
its exposition word for word we will commend to the quiet and wise spirits.
