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Darkness of Hell and of a night deprived |
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of every planet, under meager skies, |
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as overcast by clouds as sky can be, |
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had never served to veil my eyes so thickly
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nor covered them with such rough-textured stuff
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as smoke that wrapped us there in Purgatory;
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my eyes could not endure remaining open; |
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so that my faithful, knowledgeable escort
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drew closer as he offered me his shoulder.
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Just as a blind man moves behind his guide,
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that he not stray or strike against some thing
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that may do damage to or even kill him, |
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so I moved through the bitter, filthy air,
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while listening to my guide, who kept repeating:
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Take care that you are not cut off from me.
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But I heard voices, and each seemed to pray
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unto the Lamb of God, who takes away |
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our sins, for peace and mercy. Agnus Dei |
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was sung repeatedly as their exordium, |
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words sung in such a way in unison |
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that fullest concord seemed to be among them.
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Master, are those whom I hear, spirits? I
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asked him. You have grasped rightly, he replied,
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and as they go they loose the knot of anger.
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Then who are you whose body pierces through
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our smoke, who speak of us exactly like |
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a man who uses months to measure time? |
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A voice said this. On hearing it, my master
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turned round to me: Reply to him, then ask
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if this way leads us to the upward path. |
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And I: O creature who that you return |
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fair unto Him who made you cleanse yourself,
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you shall hear wonders if you follow me. |
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I'll follow you as far as I'm allowed, |
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he answered, and if smoke won't let us see,
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hearing will serve instead to keep us linked.
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Then I began: With those same swaddling-bands
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that death unwinds I take my upward path:
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I have come here by way of Hell's exactions;
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since God's so gathered me into His grace
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that He would have me, in a manner most |
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unusual for moderns, see His court, |
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do not conceal from me who you once were,
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before your death, and tell me if I go |
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straight to the pass; your words will be our escort.
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I was a Lombard and I was called Marco; |
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I knew the world's ways, and I loved those goods
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for which the bows of all men now grow slack.
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The way you've taken leads directly upward.
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So he replied, and then he added: I pray you to
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pray for me when you're above. |
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And I to him: I pledge my faith to you |
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to do what you have asked; and yet a doubt
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will burst in me if it finds no way out. |
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Before, my doubt was simple; but your statement
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has doubled it and made me sure that I |
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am right to couple your words with another's.
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The world indeed has been stripped utterly
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of every virtue; as you said to me, |
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it cloaks and is cloaked by perversity. |
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Some place the cause in heaven, some, below;
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but I beseech you to define the cause, |
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that, seeing it, I may show it to others.
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A sigh, from which his sorrow formed an Oh,
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was his beginning; then he answered: Brother,
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the world is blind, and you come from the world.
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You living ones continue to assign |
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to heaven every cause, as if it were |
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the necessary source of every motion. |
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If this were so, then your free will would be
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destroyed, and there would be no equity |
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in joy for doing good, in grief for evil.
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The heavens set your appetites in motion |
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not all your appetites, but even if |
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that were the case, you have received both light
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on good and evil, and free will, which though
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it struggle in its first wars with the heavens,
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then conquers all, if it has been well nurtured.
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On greater power and a better nature |
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you, who are free, depend; that Force engenders
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the mind in you, outside the heavens' sway.
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Thus, if the present world has gone astray,
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in you is the cause, in you it's to be sought;
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and now I'll serve as your true exegete. |
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Issuing from His hands, the soul on which
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He thought with love before creating it |
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is like a child who weeps and laughs in sport;
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that soul is simple, unaware; but since |
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a joyful Maker gave it motion, it |
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turns willingly to things that bring delight.
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At first it savors trivial goods; these would
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beguile the soul, and it runs after them,
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unless there's guide or rein to rule its love.
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Therefore, one needed law to serve as curb;
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a ruler, too, was needed, one who could |
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discern at least the tower of the true city.
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The laws exist, but who applies them now?
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No one the shepherd who precedes his flock
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can chew the cud but does not have cleft hooves;
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and thus the people, who can see their guide
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snatch only at that good for which they feel
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some greed would feed on that and seek no further.
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Misrule, you see, has caused the world to be
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malevolent; the cause is clearly not |
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celestial forces they do not corrupt. |
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For Rome, which made the world good, used to have
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two suns; and they made visible two paths
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the world's path and the pathway that is God's.
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Each has eclipsed the other; now the sword
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has joined the shepherd's crook; the two together
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must of necessity result in evil, |
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because, so joined, one need not fear the other:
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and if you doubt me, watch the fruit and flower,
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for every plant is known by what it seeds.
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Within the territory watered by |
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the Adige and Po, one used to find |
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valor and courtesy that is, before |
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Frederick was met by strife; now anyone |
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ashamed of talking with the righteous or |
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of meeting them can journey there, secure.
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True, three old men are there, in whom old times
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reprove the new; and they find God is slow
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in summoning them to a better life: |
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Currado da Palazzo, good Gherardo, |
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and Guido da Castel, whom it is better |
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to call, as do the French, the candid Lombard.
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You can conclude: the Church of Rome |
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confounds two powers in itself; into the filth, it
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falls and fouls itself and its new burden.
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Good Marco, I replied, you reason well; |
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and now I understand why Levi's sons were
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not allowed to share in legacies. |
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But what Gherardo is this whom you mention
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as an example of the vanished people whose
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presence would reproach this savage age? |
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Either your speech deceives me or would tempt me,
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he answered then, for you, whose speech is Tuscan,
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seem to know nothing of the good Gherardo.
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There is no other name by which I know him,
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unless I speak of him as Gaia's father. |
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God be with you; I come with you no farther.
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You see the rays that penetrate the smoke
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already whitening; I must take leave |
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the angel has arrived before he sees me. |
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So he turned back and would not hear me more. |